#Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ #ΠΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ # Π‘Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΈ
ΠΠ²Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΉ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ β ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π»ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠ΅
ΡΠ³Π»Ρ. ΠΠ²Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ².ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ» ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π°Π²ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ
Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ Π² 1901 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π§Π°ΡΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ½Π»ΠΈ. ΠΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» 5-ΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ,Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 52 Π».Ρ.
ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π²Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ
(ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΆ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ²), ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ
Π² V-ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ). ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π²Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° Π² Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄
Π·Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° Π² Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ . ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠΊ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ»Π° Π² Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠΊΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°.Π Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ,Π·Π²Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π²ΡΠ·Π΄ β ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ².
Π§Π΅ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π²Π΅Π·Π΄ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ΄Ρ β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠ°Ρ Β«ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Β».
A star-shaped or radial engine is a piston internal combustion engine whose cylinders are arranged by radial beams around one crankshaft through equal
corners. The star-shaped engine has a short length and allows compact placement of a large number of cylinders.Therefore, it Is widely used in aviation.First radial engine
it was created in 1901 by Charles Manley. It was 5-cylinder ,and the maximum power was 52 HP.
The main difference between a star engine and piston engines of other types is the design of the crank mechanism. One connecting rod is the main
(it is similar to a connecting rod of the usual engine with a row arrangement of cylinders), the others are hook-on and fasten to the main connecting rod on its periphery (the same principle is applied
in V-shaped engines). The disadvantage of the star-shaped engine design is the possibility of oil flowing into the lower cylinders during Parking, in connection with which it is required before
when starting the engine, make sure there is no oil in the lower cylinders. Starting the engine in the presence of oil in the lower cylinders leads to hydraulic shock and breakdown of the crank
mechanism’s.Depending on the size and power ,star-shaped engines can form several star β rows due to the extension of the crankshaft.
Four-stroke star motors have an odd number of cylinders in a row β this allows you to give a spark in the cylinders «through one».